Aniq nisbat (active voice) maxsus gramatik ko’rsatgichga ega emas. Ma’nosiga ko’ra aniq nisbat ish-harakatning asosan ega tomonidan bajarilganligini ifodalaydi.
Aniq nisbatda (active voice) – ega ish – harakatni bajaradi.
Misol uchun: Ms. Watson makes delicious sweet potato pies.
(Ms.Watson shirin kartoshkali piroglar tayyorlaydi.)
Bu gapda Ms.Watson ish – harakatni bajaruvchi ega hisoblanadi.
Passive voice (majhul nisbat) va Active voice (aniq nisbat)ni qiyoslaymiz:
Active: We can solve this problem. (Biz bu muammoni hal eta olamiz).
Passive: This problem can be solved. (Bu muammo hal etilishi mumkin).
Active: Someone is cleaning the room right now.
(Ayni paytda xonani kimdir tozlayapti).
Passive: The room is being cleaned right now.
(Ayni paytda xona tozalanyapti).
Exercises 1. Rasmga qarang. Nima sodir bo’lyapti va nima sodir bo’lgan? hozirgi davomli (is/are being) yoki hozirgi tugalangan (has/have been)dan foydalaning.
Javoblari
3. The window has been broken.
4. The roof is being repaired.
5. The car has been damaged.
6. The houses are being
knocked down.
7. The trees have been cut
down.
8. They have been invited to a
party.
Exercises 2. Gaplarni to’ldiring. Bu mashqni bajarish uchun majhul va aniq nisbatlarni yaxshilab o’rganing.
Javoblari
3. has been repaired
4. was repaired
5. are made
6. were they built
7. Is the photocopier being used
or Is anybody using the
photocopier
8. are they called
9. were stolen
10. was damaged … hasn’t been
repaired
New words (yangi so’zlar)
| 1 | clean | toza | 9 | repair | tuzatish |
| 2 | shirt | erkaklar ko’ylagi | 10 | cut | kesmoq |
| 3 | iron | dazmol | 11 | moment | lahza |
| 4 | break | sinmoq | 12 | wash | yuvmoq |
| 5 | roof | tom | 13 | machine | moshina (texnika) |
| 6 | factory | zavod | 14 | ahead | olg’a |
| 7 | call | chaqirmoq, qo’ng’iroq | 15 | sunglasses | quyosh ko’zoynagi |
| 8 | steal | o’g’irlamoq | 16 | beach | sohil |
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